elasticsearch 安装

前言

Elasticsearch是一个基于Apache Lucene(TM)的开源搜索引擎。无论在开源还是专有领域，Lucene可以被认为是迄今为止最先进、性能最好的、功能最全的搜索引擎库。Elasticsearch使用Java开发并以Lucene作为其核心来实现所有索引和搜索的功能，但是它的目的是通过简单的RESTful API来隐藏Lucene的复杂性，从而让全文搜索变得简单。

特点

分布式的实时文件存储，每个字段都被索引并可被搜索
分布式的实时分析搜索引擎
可以扩展到上百台服务器，处理PB级结构化或非结构化数据

安装步骤

1. 下载tar安装包

   curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.8.tar.gz

2. 解压

   tar -xvf elasticsearch-5.6.8.tar.gz

3. 运行

   cd elasticsearch-5.6.8/bin

   ./elasticsearch
   
4. 守护进程运行
   ./elasticsearch -d

启动错误

[root@localhost bin]# ./elasticsearch
[2018-04-03T09:54:01,735][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:106) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:195) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:342) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.8.jar:5.6.8]
	... 6 more

出于安全考虑，不能以root用户启动ElasticSearch，新增一个普通用户启动即可。

# 创建lipanpan用户
adduser lipanpan

# 为lipanpan设置密码
passwd lipanpan

# 切换用户
su lipanpan

[lipanpan@localhost bin]$ ./elasticsearch
2018-04-03 11:31:25,346 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")
	at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472)
	at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:585)
	at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.checkMBeanTrustPermission(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:1848)
	at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.registerMBean(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:322)
	at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.registerMBean(JmxMBeanServer.java:522)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.register(Server.java:389)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:167)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:140)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:556)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:617)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:634)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:229)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:242)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:45)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(LogManager.java:174)
	at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:648)
	at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:54)
	at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:62)
	at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.Loggers.getLogger(Loggers.java:101)
	at org.elasticsearch.ExceptionsHelper.<clinit>(ExceptionsHelper.java:46)
	at org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException.toString(ElasticsearchException.java:663)
	at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
	at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
	at java.lang.Throwable$WrappedPrintStream.println(Throwable.java:748)
	at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:655)
	at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:643)
	at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1061)
	at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1052)
	at java.lang.Thread.dispatchUncaughtException(Thread.java:1959)

报错原因：用户没有操作此目录权限。

# 将此目录及其子目录所有者，设置为lipanpan
su root
chown -R lipanpan elasticsearch-5.6.8

[lipanpan@localhost bin]$ ./elasticsearch
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.8/bin/hs_err_pid1638.log

报错原因：内存不足，导致启动失败，调整elasticsearch启动内存即可。

vim config/jvm.options
-Xms2g 调整成 512m
-Xmx2g 调整成 512m

ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

报错原因：linux内核参数默认设置过小，调整内核参数大于最低值即可。

# 修改操作系统文件描述符限制
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
*     soft     nofile    65536
*     hard     nofile    65536

# 添加下面配置
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.max_map_count=655360
# 执行命令使其永久生效
sysctl -p

验证安装

[lipanpan@localhost bin]$ curl 'http://localhost:9200/?pretty'
{
  "name" : "XCSxTQC",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "AnOqZ_d4RpOa7MuyL4hiog",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "5.6.8",
    "build_hash" : "688ecce",
    "build_date" : "2018-02-16T16:46:30.010Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "6.6.1"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

参考链接